Tellurian



( 0 ModeL) HORT.

TELLURIAN.

No. 311,264. Patented Jan. 27, 1885.

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v TELLURIAN. No. 311,264. Patented Jan. 2'7, 1885.

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NITED STATES PATENT TELLURIAN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 311,264, dated January2'7, 1885.

Application filed June 19, 1884. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, WILLIAM G. SHORT and HENRY L. SHORT, both ofLarue,'inthe county of Marion and State of Ohio, have invented a new andImproved Tellurian, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription.

The object of our invention is to provide a new and improved tellurian,which is simple in construction and shows clearly the different relativepositions of the sun, earth, and moon in the different seasons.

The invention consists in a tellurianconstructed with a base-0r othersuitable support provided with an upright shaft, on the upper end ofwhich a ball representing the sun is held, on which shaft an arm is heldto turn, in the free end of which arm a vertical shaft is journaled,which is provided at its lower end with a cog-wheel which engages with acog-wheel on the outer end of a longitudinal shaft journaled in the armrevolving on the shaft on the base. In the upper end of the saidvertical shaft another arm is held, in the free end of which aglobe-holding frame is held, to be revolved by suitable gearing from thevertical shaft. On the inner end of the said arm on the "ertical shaft arocking lever is pivoted which is adapted to be'opmated by means of aneccentric disk and connecting-rod from the shaft of the globeholdingframe, andon which rocking lever acurved rod or wire isheld, onthe freeend of which aball is held which represents the moon.

The invention also consists in various parts and details andcombinations of the same.

Reference is to behad tothe accompanying drawings, forming part of thisspecification, in which similar letters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a plan view of our improved tellurian. Fig. 2 is alongitudinal sectional elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a plan view,parts being brokenout and shownin section, and others being removed.Fig. 4 is a plan view'of therevolving plate carrying the earth andholding the moon. Froma base, A, provided with suitable legs orsupports,a spindle or shaft, B, projects up ward, on the upper end-ofwhich is mounted a ball, 0, which is to representthe 'sun, and ispreferably gilt or painted yellow.

On the top of the baseA a circular rack,D,is rigidly held, the spindleBpassing through the center of the said rack, and over the said rack asheet-metal casing, D, is arranged,which is held on the under side ofone end of an arm,E, mounted to turn on the spindle B. An ornamental topplate, E,is secured on the top of the arm. The casing D revolves overthe fixed circular rack D with the arm E.

Around the rim of the casing D a ring, F, is secured on the uppersurface of the base A, which ring is divided into twelve sections, a,provided successively with thenaines of the months, each section a beingdivided into as many parts as there are days in the corre spondingmonth. A pointer or tongue, F, projects from the casing D over the ringF.

In a groove in the bottom edge of the arm E a shaft, G, is journaled,which is provided at one end with a cog-wheel, G, engaging with thecircular rack D, and at the opposite end with a bevel cog-wheel, G",engaging with a bevel cog-wheel, H, rigidly mounted on the lower end ofa vertical shaft, H, journaled in a head, I, formed on the free end ofthe arm E.

On the upper end of the shaft H an arm, J,

is rigidly mounted in such a manner as to turn with the said shaft H.

Below the arm J a cog-wheel, K, is rigidly mounted on the upper end ofthe shaft H, and thesaid cog-wheel is united at the bottom surface witha disk, L, divided into twelve parts, bearing the signs of the zodiac.

In the free'end of the arm J a short shaft, M, is mounted to turn, onthe lower end of which shaft M is rigidly mounted a cog-wheel, N, whichengages with an intermediate cogwheel, 0, also engaging with thecog-wheel K.

On the upper end of the shaft M a disk, 1?, is mountedeccentrically,'which is surrounded by a strap, 1?, connected by aconnecting-rod, Q, with the lower end of a lever, It, pivoted in theforked upper end of a standard, S, secured on the arm J, in the upperend of which lever B a binding-screw, It, is tapped, for holding in theupper end of the lever Rone end of a curved wire, S, on the free end ofwhich a ball, t, is fastened, which'ball t is held within asocket in alarger ball, T, representing the moon, the opening of the socket beingflared toward the outer surface of the ball 'I, so as to give the ball Tsome play on he end of the wire S. A terrestrial globe, WV, of somesuitable construction, is held on the upper end of the shaft M in such amanner as to revolve with the same. From the pivoted end of the arm E anarm, U, projects, on the free end of which a eounterbalancing-weight, V,is held, and on the swinging end of the arm J is an ornamental knob orhandle, X. If the arm E is turned on the central fixed shaft, 13, theshaft G will be revolved, as its cog-wheel G is engaged with thefixedrack D on the base A, and thereby the cog-wheel G2 will be revolved,which in turn revolves the cogwheel H and the shaft H, on which it ismounted, and the shaft H also revolves the arm J, held on its upper end.

By means of the intermediate cog-wheel, O, the cog-wheel N on the lowerend of the shaft M is revolved from the cog-wheel K on the upper end ofthe shaft H, and thereby the disk P, carrying the globe \V, will berevolved, thus causing the globe-standard to be revolved in the free endof the arm J. For every revolution of the globe the lower end of thelever B is swung toward and from the standard S, whereby the ball T,representing the moon, will be moved up and down, so as to havedifferent positions in relation to the equator of the globe V, as theball T, representing the moon, revolves around the globe IV.

The above-described apparatus shows the movements of the earth and moonaround the sun, the relation existing between the earth 7 that ofnature.

and the moon, and the movement of the earth in its annual orbit in a waycorresponding to It shows the earth and moon revolving around the centerof gravity between them while moving in their annual courses;illustrates the causes that produce day and night. It shows why there isa diversity of seasons; shows the position of the earth in its annualorbit for each month of the year. It shows the position of the earth foreach day of the year; represents the zodiac as passed through in a solarrevolution; demonstrates the zodiac as passed through in a lunarrevolution; shows why the days and nights vary in length; shows sixmonths day and six months night at the pole; shows that the earths axisalways has the same inclination in both the solar and lunar revolutions.It shows why the Tropic of Cancer is situated twenty-three and one-halfdegrees north of the equator; shows why the Tropic of Capricorn istwenty-three and one-half degrees south of the equator. t shows why theArctic circles are twenty-three and one-half degrees from the poles. Itshows the earth crossing the vernal and autumnal equinoxcs; shows itpassing through the summer and winter solstiees; shows the moontraveling in an orbit properly inclined to the ecliptic; shows the moonsorbit to be an ellipse with the earth in one focus; shows the moon inapogee and perigee. It accounts for the tide on that side of the earthnext the moon by attraction. It

accounts for the tide on that side of the earth opposite the moon bycentrifugal force. It shows the moon in its different phases. It showsthe moon running high in winter and low in summer in both the northernand southern hemispheres. It shows why the sun is eclipsed; shows whythe moon is eclipsed, and it accounts for the moons nightly variationsin altitude.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a tellurian, the combination, with a suitable base or support, ofan arm, E, held to turn on the same, avertical shaft in the end of thearm, an arm, J, mounted on the vertical shaft, a globe held on one endof the arm J, and a rocking lever held on the opposite end of the arm J,in which rocking lever a wire is secured, on the free end of which aball representing the moon is held, substantially as herein shown anddescribed.

2. In a tellurian, the combination, with a base, of the arm E, held toturn on the same,

the subdivided ring F on the base A, the vertical shaft H, journaled inthe end of the arm E, the arm J, mounted on the upper end of the shaftH, and a subdivided disk or plate, L, held on the upper end of the shaftH and below the arm J, substantially as herein shown and described.

3. In a tellurian, the combination, with the base A, and a circular racksecured on the same, of an arm held to turn on a shaft on the base, ashaft journaled longitudinally in the arm, and provided at one end witha cog-wheel engaging with the circular rack, a vertical shaft journaledin the free end of the arm, and provided with a cog-wheel,with which acogwheel on the outer end of the longitudinal shaft engages, an armmounted on the upper end of the vertical shaft, the cog-wheel K, mountedon the upper end of the said vertical shaft, an intermediate cog-wheel,O, and the cog-wheel N, mounted on the lower end of a vertical shaft, M,in the free end of the arm J, and on this vertical shaft M a frameholding a globe is mounted, substantially as herein shown and described.

4. In a tellurian, the combination, with a base, of an arm mounted toturn on avertical shaft 011 the base, a vertical shaft journaled in thefree end of the arm, gearing for revolving the said shaft, an arm on theupper end of the vertical shaft, a globe-holding frame mounted on thefree end of the said arm and adapted to be revolved from the verticalshaft, a rocking lever pivoted on that end of the arm opposite the one011 which the globe-holding frame is held, meansfor rocking the leverfrom the shaft of the globe-frame, and of a curved rod or wire, on thefree end of which a ball representing the moonis held, substantially asherein shown and described.

5. In a tellurian, the combination, with the arm J of the shaft M, ofthe globe-holding IIO frame, the disk P, mounted eccentrically on I theshaft M, the strap P,surrounding the disk P, the standard S, the leverB, pivoted in the same, the rod Q, connecting the ring 1? with the leverIt, a curved rod or wire held in the upper end of the lever B, and aball representing the moon held on the free end of the said curved rodor wire,substantially as herein shown and described.

6. In a tellurian, the combination, with an arm mounted on a revolvingshaft,of a globeholding frame held in the free end of the arm, a rockinglever pivoted on the opposite end of the arm, an eccentric disk and rodfor operating the rocking lever from the globe-holding frame, a curvedrod or wire held in the rocking lever, and a ball representing the moonheld on the free end of the wire, substantially as herein shown anddescribed.

WILLIAM G. SHORT.

HENRY L. SHORT.

Witnesses:

I. K. SCOTT, M. S. KNAPP.

